Large quantities of volcanic gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), are released into the atmosphere during volcanic eruptions. But even between eruptions, smaller amounts of the same gases continue to escape and can provide important clues about the current state of the volcano and the underlying magma. But to measure them, you first must identify where gas is coming from.

Looking for a way to save on food bills? Then plant vegetables. For many backyard vegetable gardeners on the mainland, spring means the beginning of their gardening efforts. However, this is Hawaii so we can plant our vegetables anytime depending upon the microclimate. There are many vegetable gardening activities for the entire year.

“From a discarded apple in a rose garden, grew a seedling, which grew into an extraordinary new apple variety.” Geoff Plunkett discovered Koru as a seedling in 1998 near Nelson, New Zealand. Family believed the seedling grew from an apple his wife’s mother threw into the garden.

We know that when a volcano erupts, molten red rock makes it to the surface, while during an intrusion it doesn’t. The difference between the two processes, if we depend on seismicity (earth shaking) or deformation (changes in ground surface) instrumentation, is not obvious. The events during the start of either are identical. But we can’t be certain that an intrusion will lead to an eruption.

When weather conditions are dry, it is a good time to explore ways to conserve water. Organic material is essential to good soil. Well decomposed organic matter helps increase water and nutrient holding capacity of the soil. Undecomposed material like leaves and clippings used as surface mulch can help conserve moisture and keep weeds under control. Nematodes, those little microscopic worms that feed on your roots, will do less damage in a high organic soil. Organic matter may also increase the minor element and microbiological activity of your soil.

Volcano Art Center is currently displaying new paintings by Hawaii Island wildlife artist John D. Dawson.

Paolo Piro just started riding a unicycle a year and a half ago and now has an ambitious plan that will have him circling the Big Island to raise money for children’s cancer research.

In honor of the summer Olympics in Japan, Chef Chris Oh partnered with Spam to make sushi rolls with a new spin on the Korean kimbap.

Late Monday afternoon, earthquake activity picked up at Kilauea’s summit. At about 1:30 a.m. HST on Tuesday, that activity intensified, and it became clear that seismicity and increasing deformation were indicating a new intrusion of magma. The seismicity extended southward from Halema‘uma‘u crater, to an area south of Kilauea caldera.

The young soils of our island vary from ash deposits, a‘a lava and pahoehoe lava. There are a few exceptions where volcanic materials have had the time to decompose like the Kohala mountain region, but it is hard to find soils as they are defined on older continents of the world. Most folks here have to start from scratch.

My son Neil sent me a link to NHK World Gatten Japan. It is an informative show about different subjects, often about things you would never think about, and this series was about eggplants. The Japanese have been eating eggplant for 1,000 years but it is thought that the first eggplant came from India and cultivated there and in China for more than 1,500 years.

The 2018 lower East Rift Zone and 35-year-long Pu‘u ‘O‘o eruptions of Kilauea had large impacts on the Puna District. Many residents were deeply affected by devastating lava flows, earthquakes, gas emissions, and other volcanic hazards. However, it is important to note that these eruptions are dwarfed compared to some past Kilauea eruptions including the largest identified subaerial flow — ‘Aila‘au.

Relatively speaking, we live in one of the safest places on the planet. Our temperatures change very little from season to season. Local folks and visitors alike often feel that our islands have few dangers except for volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and hurricanes. These are rare. Excessive exposure to the sun can be dangerous and people die every year by being careless at the beach or hiking in the mountains.

Back in 1993, organic farming was a novelty, but Family Farm, Inc., owned and operated by Chris Yuen and Noelie Rodriguez, was determined to be totally organic and natural. With the use of manure and natural plants that repel insects, they are a successful and viable organic farm today. No pesticides or chemical fertilizers are used to grow bananas, lychee, rambutans, moringa, ginger, turmeric, pipinola, poha berries, jaboticabas, beans, herbs, onions, and purslane.

More people were probably killed by the 1790 eruption of Kilauea than by any other eruption in what is now the United States. Several hundred men, women, and children perished during explosions at the summit of the volcano.

As the days get shorter, mainland folks like to brighten up their home with bouquets of colorful cut flowers, but for most kamaaina, flowering plants are another option. Instead of lasting a few days, many flowering plants can last for years. If you like interior or exterior gardening the easy way, then you might consider a group of easy care plants referred to as air plants. If you are like me and have no more room in the garden to plant trees you may consider using the trees to expand your gardening talents by creating air gardens.

Reader Bob Davis writes that his family is a two-job family and after 12-hour days, he just wants to make simple, tasteful, and nutritious meals for the family.