By ISABEL KERSHNER NYTimes News Service
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JERUSALEM — Israel vowed Sunday to prevent a ship carrying a dozen pro-Palestinian activists and some aid from reaching the Gaza Strip, saying its military would use “any means necessary” to prevent the vessel from breaching an Israeli naval blockade of the coastal enclave.

The civilian ship, called the Madleen, is operating under the auspices of the Freedom Flotilla Coalition, an international grassroots campaign that opposes Israel’s nearly two-decade-long blockade of Gaza. The ship set sail from Sicily on June 1.

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The boat’s tracker showed it off the coast of Egypt on Sunday, and the coalition said it was sailing “just 160 nautical miles from Gaza.” The passengers include Swedish activist Greta Thunberg and Rima Hassan, a member of the European Parliament.

Israel imposed the blockade on Gaza, with Egypt’s help, after Hamas, the Islamic militant group, took over the coastal strip in 2007. Israeli officials have said the blockade is necessary to prevent weapons smuggling into the enclave.

Conditions in Gaza have worsened considerably since the deadly Hamas-led attack on Israel in October 2023, which ignited the current war, now in its 20th month. Israel recently banned the entry of any humanitarian aid for 80 days, bringing the territory to the brink of famine, according to international aid organizations.

The Madleen is probably carrying only a symbolic amount of humanitarian aid. The coalition said in a statement that it was bringing urgently needed goods, including baby formula, flour, rice, diapers, medical supplies and children’s prosthetics.

But Israel’s defense minister, Israel Katz, said he had instructed the country’s military to prevent the vessel from reaching Gaza.

In a blunt statement, he said, “To Greta the antisemite and her friends, propagandists for Hamas — I say clearly: You would do well to turn back, because you won’t get to Gaza. Israel will act against any attempt to breach the blockade or aid terrorist organizations by sea, air or land.”

Thunberg has been an outspoken opponent of Israel’s naval blockade of Gaza and its actions in the enclave.

“We are doing this because, no matter what odds we are against, we have to keep trying,” Thunberg said last week. “Because the moment we stop trying is when we lose our humanity. And no matter how dangerous this mission is, it’s not even near as dangerous as the silence of the entire world in the face of the livestreamed genocide.”

Israel’s military has blocked past attempts by pro-Palestinian activists to bring aid to Gaza by sea, including by force. In 2010, nine passengers aboard the Mavi Marmara, part of a flotilla carrying aid from Turkey to Gaza, were killed in an Israeli commando raid, stirring international outrage and damaging Turkish-Israeli relations. A 10th passenger died from his wounds years later.

Israel said at the time that its soldiers, some of whom had rappelled onto the ship from helicopters, fell into an ambush and were attacked with clubs, metal rods and knives.

The Freedom Flotilla Coalition has described the interception of the Mavi Marmara as “an unlawful and deadly attack” and said the Madleen’s mission is “a continuation of that legacy — a refusal to surrender to silence, fear or complicity” in the face of the siege of Gaza.

Another recent attempt by the coalition to challenge the blockade was thwarted. A ship called Conscience left Tunisia in late April carrying human rights activists and aid and was scheduled to stop in Malta to pick up more people, including Thunberg. But the ship was rocked by explosions off the coast of Malta, setting it on fire.

The passengers and crew were not harmed, but the mission was abandoned.

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